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E. mimallonis are medium-sized noctuids (3.8-4.2 cm wingspan) with bright brick-red forewings and bright white (male) or white and sooty grey (female) hindwings. Markings on the forewings are confined to the antemedian and postmedian lines, and the reniform and orbicular spots, which are all lightly marked by dark scales. The reniform and orbicular are outlined in pale scales in some specimens. Euxoa thanatologica is similar, but males have duller red-brown forewings and sooty brown hindwings, while females are dark reddish-brown. E. mimallonis belongs to the mimallonis group of the subgenus Palaeoeuxoa. Members of the group can be separated from other Euxoa species groups by the short, spatulate saccular extensions of the male genitalia.

Nova Scotia west to coastal BC, south in the east to Michigan and Minnesota, in the west to central California and New Mexico. In Alberta, it has been collected from the southern Boreal forest south throughout the parklands, grasslands and foothills regions.