Common NameYellow-Headed FirewormSeasonalityUp to four generations per year. Adults can be found from April through October, although in northern regions they can be found from June to October (Powell 1964).IdentificationRelatively small moths (wingspan is 12-17 mm) with different uniform colored forewings and gray hindwings. The colors of the forewings range from yellow, to orange to gray morphs, depending on the generation, but never show any patterns (Powell 1964). Summer forms are considered more yellow and orange, while the winter form (also called “Cinderella form”) is more grayish (Obraztsov 1963, Powell 1964). The males do not have a forewing costal fold (Chapman and Lienk 1971). Male genitalia of A. minuta can be distinguished from the relatively similar looking A. paracinderella by having wider developed “shoulders” on the tegumen and a comparatively less deeply excavated sacculus with a smaller, less rounded apical portion (Powell 1964).
Scientific NameAcleris minutaCommon Name
Yellow-Headed Fireworm
Habitat
Mountainous areas.
Seasonality
Up to four generations per year. Adults can be found from April through October, although in northern regions they can be found from June to October (Powell 1964).
Identification
Relatively small moths (wingspan is 12-17 mm) with different uniform colored forewings and gray hindwings. The colors of the forewings range from yellow, to orange to gray morphs, depending on the generation, but…
Relatively small moths (wingspan is 12-17 mm) with different uniform colored forewings and gray hindwings. The colors of the forewings range from yellow, to orange to gray morphs, depending on the generation, but never show any patterns (Powell 1964). Summer forms are considered more yellow and orange, while the winter form (also called “Cinderella form”) is more grayish (Obraztsov 1963, Powell 1964). The males do not have a forewing costal fold (Chapman and Lienk 1971). Male genitalia of A. minuta can be distinguished from the relatively similar looking A. paracinderella by having wider developed “shoulders” on the tegumen and a comparatively less deeply excavated sacculus with a smaller, less rounded apical portion (Powell 1964).
Life History
The larvae tie the leaves together as they feed (Powell 1964, Schwarz et al. 1983). While in most localities it is common to have three to four generations of Acleris minuta, in northern regions only two generations…
The larvae tie the leaves together as they feed (Powell 1964, Schwarz et al. 1983). While in most localities it is common to have three to four generations of Acleris minuta, in northern regions only two generations occur. Acleris minuta overwinters as an adult in the gray color form. Flight activity starts in April and can last till June, depending on their geographic region (Schwarz et al. 1983).
Conservation
No obvious concerns.
Diet Info
The larvae feed on terminal leaves of Prunus, Salix, Malus, Myrica, Kalmia, Calluna and Vaccinium (Powell 1964, Schwarz et al. 1983).
Range
Eastern North America but single records from Alberta and New Mexico (MPG 2019). In Alberta Acleris minuta has only been found in Nordegg.
Notes
While the females of the yellow and orange color forms directly release their pheromones after they emerge from the pupae, the gray morph requires a cold-weather diapause before mating (Schwarz et al. 1983).
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Citation
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Page Citation for Acleris minuta
Page Citation
"Species Details - Acleris minuta, University of Alberta E.H. Strickland Entomological Museum." University of Alberta Museums Search Site, https://search.museums.ualberta.ca/g/2-23543. Accessed 02 Apr. 2025.
Publications
AuthorSchwarz, M., J. A. Klun, E. R. Hart, B. A. Leonhardt, J. C. Weatherby
TitleFemale Sex Pheromone of the Yellowheaded Fireworm, Acleris minuta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae).