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Species Details
Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium Read more about this collection »
LeavesLong petioles; egg-shaped to round; heart-shaped at base; small rounded teeth on margin; fine short hairs or hairless; stipules lance-shaped; bear small spines on margin or entire. Alternate; stipules reddish brown. 0.7-4.5 cm long and 1-3.5 cm wide.
FlowersSingle flowers from leaf axils; petals 5, blue to violet, lower 3 white at base, side pair white bearded; 1-2 cm long and 0.5 cm wide; spur straight or hooked, 4-6 mm long; sepals 5, lance-shaped, half-length of the petals; stamens 5, 4 pollen sacs.
Fruits and SeedsCapsule; 4-5 mm long which opens explosively at three valves; dark brown seeds.
Scientific Name
Viola adunca Sm.
Common Name
early blue violet
General Description
A perennial, tufted herb that grows from a slender rhizome and reaches a height of 4-10 cm in the spring, but later grows to 10-15 cm tall; single flowers are found in the leaf axils and are blue to deep violet.
Leaves
Long petioles; egg-shaped to round; heart-shaped at base; small rounded teeth on margin; fine short hairs or hairless; stipules lance-shaped; bear small spines on margin or entire. Alternate; stipules reddish brown.…
Long petioles; egg-shaped to round; heart-shaped at base; small rounded teeth on margin; fine short hairs or hairless; stipules lance-shaped; bear small spines on margin or entire. Alternate; stipules reddish brown. 0.7-4.5 cm long and 1-3.5 cm wide.
Flowers
Single flowers from leaf axils; petals 5, blue to violet, lower 3 white at base, side pair white bearded; 1-2 cm long and 0.5 cm wide; spur straight or hooked, 4-6 mm long; sepals 5, lance-shaped, half-length of the…
Single flowers from leaf axils; petals 5, blue to violet, lower 3 white at base, side pair white bearded; 1-2 cm long and 0.5 cm wide; spur straight or hooked, 4-6 mm long; sepals 5, lance-shaped, half-length of the petals; stamens 5, 4 pollen sacs.
Fruits and Seeds
Capsule; 4-5 mm long which opens explosively at three valves; dark brown seeds.
Phenology
Flowering early May to August.
Notes
2n=20*, 30*, 40*
Similar species: V. pedatifida can be found on dry prairie grasslands and can be distinguised from V. adunca by basal leaves with 6-15 finger-like lobes and bright purple flowers that are 1-2 cm across.
2n=20*, 30*, 40*
Similar species: V. pedatifida can be found on dry prairie grasslands and can be distinguised from V. adunca by basal leaves with 6-15 finger-like lobes and bright purple flowers that are 1-2 cm across.
Range/Distribution
Alberta: SW in mountain range and central. CAN (BC, MB, NB, NS, SK, NT, NU, ON, QC, YT); USA (AK, WA, OR, CA, NV, ID, MT, WY, UT, AZ, CO, NM, ND, SD, IA, MN, WI, MI, NY, VT, ME, MA, NH).
Citation
Page Citation for Viola adunca Sm.
Page Citation
"Species Details - Viola adunca Sm., University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium." University of Alberta Museums Search Site, https://search.museums.ualberta.ca/g/1-5256/12-18953. Accessed 26 Jun. 2024.
Specimen Information
There are 341 specimens of this Species.
113359 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Coal Valley
Date Collected1987-06-06
113356 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Coal Valley
Date Collected1987-05-15
113360 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Lovett Lookout Tower
Date Collected1987-06-06
113358 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Edson
Date Collected1987-06-05
113357 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Watson Creek Provincial Recreation Area
Date Collected1987-06-02
113355 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Lovett Lookout Tower
Date Collected1987-05-15
113979 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Burnt Timber Provincial Recreation Area
Date Collected1979-06-27
115003 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Clearwater Forest
Date Collected1988-08-29
115794 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Willmore Wilderness Park, Cote Creek
Date Collected1976-08-04
115994 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, University of Alberta Woodbend Field Station
Date Collected2006-05-19
115995 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, University of Alberta Woodbend Field Station
Date Collected2006-05-19
80928 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Bonnyville
Date Collected1975-05-30
38029 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Three Hills
Date Collected1971-07-26
116598 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: United States, Montana, Liberty County, Sage Creek
Date Collected1976-05-30
117812 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, University of Alberta Woodbend Field Station
Date Collected2007-05-31
118518 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Thompson Creek Provincial Recreation Area
Date Collected2007-06-20
118906 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Waterton Lakes National Park, Crypt Lake
Date Collected1967-07-02
119132 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: United States, Montana, Missoula County, Pattee Canyon
Date Collected1962-05-16
119824 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Kootenay Plains Ecological Reserve, Siffleur Falls
Date Collected2008-06-26
119825 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Kootenay Plains Ecological Reserve, Two O'Clock Creek
Date Collected2008-05-28
119826 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Windy Point
Date Collected2008-06-25