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Species Details
Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium Read more about this collection »
LeavesLong petioles; egg-shaped to round; heart-shaped at base; small rounded teeth on margin; fine short hairs or hairless; stipules lance-shaped; bear small spines on margin or entire. Alternate; stipules reddish brown. 0.7-4.5 cm long and 1-3.5 cm wide.
FlowersSingle flowers from leaf axils; petals 5, blue to violet, lower 3 white at base, side pair white bearded; 1-2 cm long and 0.5 cm wide; spur straight or hooked, 4-6 mm long; sepals 5, lance-shaped, half-length of the petals; stamens 5, 4 pollen sacs.
Fruits and SeedsCapsule; 4-5 mm long which opens explosively at three valves; dark brown seeds.
Scientific Name
Viola adunca Sm.
Common Name
early blue violet
General Description
A perennial, tufted herb that grows from a slender rhizome and reaches a height of 4-10 cm in the spring, but later grows to 10-15 cm tall; single flowers are found in the leaf axils and are blue to deep violet.
Leaves
Long petioles; egg-shaped to round; heart-shaped at base; small rounded teeth on margin; fine short hairs or hairless; stipules lance-shaped; bear small spines on margin or entire. Alternate; stipules reddish brown.…
Long petioles; egg-shaped to round; heart-shaped at base; small rounded teeth on margin; fine short hairs or hairless; stipules lance-shaped; bear small spines on margin or entire. Alternate; stipules reddish brown. 0.7-4.5 cm long and 1-3.5 cm wide.
Flowers
Single flowers from leaf axils; petals 5, blue to violet, lower 3 white at base, side pair white bearded; 1-2 cm long and 0.5 cm wide; spur straight or hooked, 4-6 mm long; sepals 5, lance-shaped, half-length of the…
Single flowers from leaf axils; petals 5, blue to violet, lower 3 white at base, side pair white bearded; 1-2 cm long and 0.5 cm wide; spur straight or hooked, 4-6 mm long; sepals 5, lance-shaped, half-length of the petals; stamens 5, 4 pollen sacs.
Fruits and Seeds
Capsule; 4-5 mm long which opens explosively at three valves; dark brown seeds.
Phenology
Flowering early May to August.
Notes
2n=20*, 30*, 40*
Similar species: V. pedatifida can be found on dry prairie grasslands and can be distinguised from V. adunca by basal leaves with 6-15 finger-like lobes and bright purple flowers that are 1-2 cm across.
2n=20*, 30*, 40*
Similar species: V. pedatifida can be found on dry prairie grasslands and can be distinguised from V. adunca by basal leaves with 6-15 finger-like lobes and bright purple flowers that are 1-2 cm across.
Range/Distribution
Alberta: SW in mountain range and central. CAN (BC, MB, NB, NS, SK, NT, NU, ON, QC, YT); USA (AK, WA, OR, CA, NV, ID, MT, WY, UT, AZ, CO, NM, ND, SD, IA, MN, WI, MI, NY, VT, ME, MA, NH).
Citation
Page Citation for Viola adunca Sm.
Page Citation
"Species Details - Viola adunca Sm., University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium." University of Alberta Museums Search Site, https://search.museums.ualberta.ca/g/1-5256/12-18930. Accessed 01 Jul. 2024.
Specimen Information
There are 341 specimens of this Species.
38025 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: United States, Montana, Flathead County, Coram
Date Collected1971-07-10
37988 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: United States, Montana, Flathead County, Olney
Date Collected1971-07-10
37983 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: United States, Montana, Flathead County, Glacier Meadow RV Park
Date Collected1971-07-10
37992 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: United States, Montana, Flathead County, Dickey Lake
Date Collected1971-07-10
38020 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: United States, Montana, Glacier National Park
Date Collected1971-07-09
94933 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: United States, Colorado, Gunnison County, Paradise Basin
Date Collected1990-07-26
31069 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: United States, Wyoming, Park County, Island Lake
Date Collected1970-08-15
31159 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: United States, Wyoming, Albany County, Centennial
Date Collected1970-07-04
12750 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: United States, Washington, Kittitas County, Bald Mountain
Date Collected1940-06-22
12749 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: United States, Washington, Ferry County
Date Collected1940-04-25
12748 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: United States, Washington, Okanogan County, Hidden Lakes
Date Collected1936-06-04
62146 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: United States, Wyoming, Yellowstone National Park, Yellowstone River
Date Collected1935-06-29
62147 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: United States, Wyoming, Teton County, Teton Pass
Date Collected1938-06-22
112619 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Red Deer River
Date Collected2003-05-25
139539 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Gwynne
Date Collected2015-07-28
139849 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Peace River
Date Collected1974-07-11
139848 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, British Columbia, Jaffray
Date Collected1971-07-11
139847 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Ontario, Lake Huron, Manitoulin Island, Burnt Island
Date Collected1976-05-23
139846 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Sangudo
Date Collected1968-05-13
140206 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Setaspell Outpost
Date Collected2017-06-01
141085 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Lac La Biche
Date Collected2016-06-06