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Species Details
Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium Read more about this collection »
LeavesLong petioles; egg-shaped to round; heart-shaped at base; small rounded teeth on margin; fine short hairs or hairless; stipules lance-shaped; bear small spines on margin or entire. Alternate; stipules reddish brown. 0.7-4.5 cm long and 1-3.5 cm wide.
FlowersSingle flowers from leaf axils; petals 5, blue to violet, lower 3 white at base, side pair white bearded; 1-2 cm long and 0.5 cm wide; spur straight or hooked, 4-6 mm long; sepals 5, lance-shaped, half-length of the petals; stamens 5, 4 pollen sacs.
Fruits and SeedsCapsule; 4-5 mm long which opens explosively at three valves; dark brown seeds.
Scientific Name
Viola adunca Sm.
Common Name
early blue violet
General Description
A perennial, tufted herb that grows from a slender rhizome and reaches a height of 4-10 cm in the spring, but later grows to 10-15 cm tall; single flowers are found in the leaf axils and are blue to deep violet.
Leaves
Long petioles; egg-shaped to round; heart-shaped at base; small rounded teeth on margin; fine short hairs or hairless; stipules lance-shaped; bear small spines on margin or entire. Alternate; stipules reddish brown.…
Long petioles; egg-shaped to round; heart-shaped at base; small rounded teeth on margin; fine short hairs or hairless; stipules lance-shaped; bear small spines on margin or entire. Alternate; stipules reddish brown. 0.7-4.5 cm long and 1-3.5 cm wide.
Flowers
Single flowers from leaf axils; petals 5, blue to violet, lower 3 white at base, side pair white bearded; 1-2 cm long and 0.5 cm wide; spur straight or hooked, 4-6 mm long; sepals 5, lance-shaped, half-length of the…
Single flowers from leaf axils; petals 5, blue to violet, lower 3 white at base, side pair white bearded; 1-2 cm long and 0.5 cm wide; spur straight or hooked, 4-6 mm long; sepals 5, lance-shaped, half-length of the petals; stamens 5, 4 pollen sacs.
Fruits and Seeds
Capsule; 4-5 mm long which opens explosively at three valves; dark brown seeds.
Phenology
Flowering early May to August.
Notes
2n=20*, 30*, 40*
Similar species: V. pedatifida can be found on dry prairie grasslands and can be distinguised from V. adunca by basal leaves with 6-15 finger-like lobes and bright purple flowers that are 1-2 cm across.
2n=20*, 30*, 40*
Similar species: V. pedatifida can be found on dry prairie grasslands and can be distinguised from V. adunca by basal leaves with 6-15 finger-like lobes and bright purple flowers that are 1-2 cm across.
Range/Distribution
Alberta: SW in mountain range and central. CAN (BC, MB, NB, NS, SK, NT, NU, ON, QC, YT); USA (AK, WA, OR, CA, NV, ID, MT, WY, UT, AZ, CO, NM, ND, SD, IA, MN, WI, MI, NY, VT, ME, MA, NH).
Citation
Page Citation for Viola adunca Sm.
Page Citation
"Species Details - Viola adunca Sm., University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium." University of Alberta Museums Search Site, https://search.museums.ualberta.ca/g/1-5256/12-160720. Accessed 20 Dec. 2024.
Specimen Information
There are 342 specimens of this Species.
38039 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Coleman
Date Collected1971-06-19
61340 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Jasper National Park, Jasper
Date Collected1946-08-15
82219 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Cypress Hills
Date Collected1979-11
82221 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Cypress Hills
Date Collected1979-11
112260 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Wood Buffalo National Park, Peace Point
Date Collected1993-07-24
112259 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Wood Buffalo National Park, Square Lake
Date Collected1991-07-19
54315 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Gooseberry Lake Provincial Park
Date Collected1971-08-15
54321 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Waterton Lakes National Park, Sofa Mountain
Date Collected1971-09-15
54336 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Robb
Date Collected1971-08-17
97649 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, High Prairie
Date Collected1989-09-13
72169 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Battle River
Date Collected1974-05-29
38032 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Brooks
Date Collected1971-07-27
54280 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Forestburg
Date Collected1971-08-14
12740 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Alix
Date Collected1939-05-25
45509 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Jasper National Park, Vine Creek
Date Collected1970-06-09
12737 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Waterton Lakes National Park, Waterton Park
Date Collected1953-07-25
37686 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Edmonton
Date Collected1969-06-02
12732 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Jasper National Park, Jasper
Date Collected1938-06-13
38002 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Manyberries
Date Collected1971-06-02
37997 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Cypress Hills Provincial Park, Reesor Lake
Date Collected1971-06-01
37996 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Cypress Hills Provincial Park, Reesor Lake
Date Collected1971-06-02