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Species Details
Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium Read more about this collection »
LeavesLong petioles; egg-shaped to round; heart-shaped at base; small rounded teeth on margin; fine short hairs or hairless; stipules lance-shaped; bear small spines on margin or entire. Alternate; stipules reddish brown. 0.7-4.5 cm long and 1-3.5 cm wide.
FlowersSingle flowers from leaf axils; petals 5, blue to violet, lower 3 white at base, side pair white bearded; 1-2 cm long and 0.5 cm wide; spur straight or hooked, 4-6 mm long; sepals 5, lance-shaped, half-length of the petals; stamens 5, 4 pollen sacs.
Fruits and SeedsCapsule; 4-5 mm long which opens explosively at three valves; dark brown seeds.
Scientific Name
Viola adunca Sm.
Common Name
early blue violet
General Description
A perennial, tufted herb that grows from a slender rhizome and reaches a height of 4-10 cm in the spring, but later grows to 10-15 cm tall; single flowers are found in the leaf axils and are blue to deep violet.
Leaves
Long petioles; egg-shaped to round; heart-shaped at base; small rounded teeth on margin; fine short hairs or hairless; stipules lance-shaped; bear small spines on margin or entire. Alternate; stipules reddish brown.…
Long petioles; egg-shaped to round; heart-shaped at base; small rounded teeth on margin; fine short hairs or hairless; stipules lance-shaped; bear small spines on margin or entire. Alternate; stipules reddish brown. 0.7-4.5 cm long and 1-3.5 cm wide.
Flowers
Single flowers from leaf axils; petals 5, blue to violet, lower 3 white at base, side pair white bearded; 1-2 cm long and 0.5 cm wide; spur straight or hooked, 4-6 mm long; sepals 5, lance-shaped, half-length of the…
Single flowers from leaf axils; petals 5, blue to violet, lower 3 white at base, side pair white bearded; 1-2 cm long and 0.5 cm wide; spur straight or hooked, 4-6 mm long; sepals 5, lance-shaped, half-length of the petals; stamens 5, 4 pollen sacs.
Fruits and Seeds
Capsule; 4-5 mm long which opens explosively at three valves; dark brown seeds.
Phenology
Flowering early May to August.
Notes
2n=20*, 30*, 40*
Similar species: V. pedatifida can be found on dry prairie grasslands and can be distinguised from V. adunca by basal leaves with 6-15 finger-like lobes and bright purple flowers that are 1-2 cm across.
2n=20*, 30*, 40*
Similar species: V. pedatifida can be found on dry prairie grasslands and can be distinguised from V. adunca by basal leaves with 6-15 finger-like lobes and bright purple flowers that are 1-2 cm across.
Range/Distribution
Alberta: SW in mountain range and central. CAN (BC, MB, NB, NS, SK, NT, NU, ON, QC, YT); USA (AK, WA, OR, CA, NV, ID, MT, WY, UT, AZ, CO, NM, ND, SD, IA, MN, WI, MI, NY, VT, ME, MA, NH).
Citation
Page Citation for Viola adunca Sm.
Page Citation
"Species Details - Viola adunca Sm., University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium." University of Alberta Museums Search Site, https://search.museums.ualberta.ca/g/1-5256/12-103073. Accessed 25 Dec. 2024.
Specimen Information
There are 342 specimens of this Species.
12733 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Alix
Date Collected1929-08-16
42353 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Nordegg
Date Collected1970-07-08
45173 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Hay Lakes
Date Collected1973-05-06
21824 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Lac La Biche
Date Collected1967-05-31
37311 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Cold Lake, English Bay
Date Collected1971-06-06
37309 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Owl River
Date Collected1971-06-04
110804 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, White Goat Wilderness Area
Date Collected1981-07-29
110805 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Siffleur Wilderness Area, Escarpment River
Date Collected1981-08-04
61279 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedFort Saskatchewan
Date Collected1947-05-18
61275 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Fort Saskatchewan
Date Collected1941-05-09
108011 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Kananaskis Country, Gorge Creek
Date Collected1961-05-31
90941 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Jasper National Park
Date Collected1967-06-19
37313 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Cold Lake
Date Collected1971-06-07
84904 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Sterco
Date Collected1976-06-10
108702 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Brocket
Date Collected1982-05-26
75642 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Police Outpost Provincial Park, Outpost Lake
Date Collected1974-06-11
80929 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Kinsella
Date Collected1975-06-05
80932 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Wainwright
Date Collected1973-06-08
80934 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Writing-On-Stone Provincial Park
Date Collected1975-06-10
84497 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Lesser Slave Lake Provincial Park
Date Collected1978-05-14
27712 - Viola adunca Sm.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Nameearly blue violet
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Jasper National Park, Medicine Lake
Date Collected1968-08-27