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Species Details
Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium Read more about this collection »
Leaves2-4 (usually 3) leaves; sessile; egg to lance-shaped; hairless; 4-10 cm long (Moss, 1983). Alternate (Johnson et al., 1995). No basal leaves; margins entire; 1-4 cm wide (E-Flora BC).
FlowersUnbranched elongated inflorescence; matures bottom upwards (raceme); flowers long stalks; axis zig-zag; 3-8 flowers; sepals and petals 3 mm long; 6 stamens (Moss, 1983). Raceme 2-5 cm long; terminal; white to greenish-white (E-Flora BC).
Fruits and SeedsDark red berries (Moss, 1983). 6 mm wide (Johnson et al., 1995). 1-2 seeds (E-Flora BC).
Scientific Name
Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
Common Name
three-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
General Description
A slender perennial herb that develops from a branching rhizome to a height of 5-20 cm tall; bears white flowers (Moss, 1983).
Leaves
2-4 (usually 3) leaves; sessile; egg to lance-shaped; hairless; 4-10 cm long (Moss, 1983). Alternate (Johnson et al., 1995). No basal leaves; margins entire; 1-4 cm wide (E-Flora BC).
Flowers
Unbranched elongated inflorescence; matures bottom upwards (raceme); flowers long stalks; axis zig-zag; 3-8 flowers; sepals and petals 3 mm long; 6 stamens (Moss, 1983). Raceme 2-5 cm long; terminal; white to…
Unbranched elongated inflorescence; matures bottom upwards (raceme); flowers long stalks; axis zig-zag; 3-8 flowers; sepals and petals 3 mm long; 6 stamens (Moss, 1983). Raceme 2-5 cm long; terminal; white to greenish-white (E-Flora BC).
Fruits and Seeds
Dark red berries (Moss, 1983). 6 mm wide (Johnson et al., 1995). 1-2 seeds (E-Flora BC).
Phenology
May to September (JSTOR).
Notes
2n=36 (Moss, 1983). Also known as Maianthemum trifolium (E-Flora BC). The berries are not poisonous but the Chipewyans found them to be inedible (Johnson et al., 1995).
Similar species:
Smilacina stellata/Maianthemum…
2n=36 (Moss, 1983). Also known as Maianthemum trifolium (E-Flora BC). The berries are not poisonous but the Chipewyans found them to be inedible (Johnson et al., 1995).
Similar species:
Smilacina stellata/Maianthemum stellatum: star-flowered solomon’s-seal; has 6-12 leaves and grows in wetlands instead of upland habitats (Johnson et al., 1995).
Maianthemum canadense: wild lily of the valley; has 4-parted flowers and does not grow in bogs or fens (Johnson et al., 1995).
Range/Distribution
Alberta: Central and northern part of the province (Canadensys). CAN (BC, SK, MB, ON, QC, NL, NS, NB, PE, YT, NT, NU); USA (MT, MN, WI, MI, OH, PA, NJ, NY, VT, MA, CT, RI, ME, NH) (USDA).
Citation
Page Citation for Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
Page Citation
"Species Details - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf., University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium." University of Alberta Museums Search Site, https://search.museums.ualberta.ca/g/1-3876/12-4834. Accessed 13 Dec. 2024.
Specimen Information
There are 111 specimens of this Species.
36912 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Cottage Lake
Date Collected1919-06-04
36913 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Edmonton
Date Collected1918-06-28
5029 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Nordegg
Date Collected1945-08-17
5018 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Wetaskiwin
Date Collected1929-06-14
5020 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Edmonton Beach
Date Collected1926-05-22
5022 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Harmon Valley
Date Collected1947-08-03
5021 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Fallis
Date Collected1945-07-17
5023 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Wembley
Date Collected1948-08-10
5024 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Keg River
Date Collected1949-07-18
5025 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Caribou Mountains
Date Collected1950-08-06
5032 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Wood Buffalo National Park, Moose Lake
Date Collected1929-08-12
5028 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Lac La Biche
Date Collected1953-06-22
5026 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Fedorah
Date Collected1956-06-23
5030 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Northwest Territories, Slave River
Date Collected1950-06-20
94310 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Hondo
Date Collected1987-07-10
79766 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Camrose
Date Collected1973-05-25
102132 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Leming Lake
Date Collected1995-07-31
5019 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta
55507 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Birch Mountain Lookout Tower
Date Collected1975-08-19
36442 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Mulhurst
Date Collected1948-07-16
36441 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Ma-Me-O Beach
Date Collected1949-07-14