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Species Details
Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium Read more about this collection »
Leaves2-4 (usually 3) leaves; sessile; egg to lance-shaped; hairless; 4-10 cm long (Moss, 1983). Alternate (Johnson et al., 1995). No basal leaves; margins entire; 1-4 cm wide (E-Flora BC).
FlowersUnbranched elongated inflorescence; matures bottom upwards (raceme); flowers long stalks; axis zig-zag; 3-8 flowers; sepals and petals 3 mm long; 6 stamens (Moss, 1983). Raceme 2-5 cm long; terminal; white to greenish-white (E-Flora BC).
Fruits and SeedsDark red berries (Moss, 1983). 6 mm wide (Johnson et al., 1995). 1-2 seeds (E-Flora BC).
Scientific Name
Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
Common Name
three-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
General Description
A slender perennial herb that develops from a branching rhizome to a height of 5-20 cm tall; bears white flowers (Moss, 1983).
Leaves
2-4 (usually 3) leaves; sessile; egg to lance-shaped; hairless; 4-10 cm long (Moss, 1983). Alternate (Johnson et al., 1995). No basal leaves; margins entire; 1-4 cm wide (E-Flora BC).
Flowers
Unbranched elongated inflorescence; matures bottom upwards (raceme); flowers long stalks; axis zig-zag; 3-8 flowers; sepals and petals 3 mm long; 6 stamens (Moss, 1983). Raceme 2-5 cm long; terminal; white to…
Unbranched elongated inflorescence; matures bottom upwards (raceme); flowers long stalks; axis zig-zag; 3-8 flowers; sepals and petals 3 mm long; 6 stamens (Moss, 1983). Raceme 2-5 cm long; terminal; white to greenish-white (E-Flora BC).
Fruits and Seeds
Dark red berries (Moss, 1983). 6 mm wide (Johnson et al., 1995). 1-2 seeds (E-Flora BC).
Phenology
May to September (JSTOR).
Notes
2n=36 (Moss, 1983). Also known as Maianthemum trifolium (E-Flora BC). The berries are not poisonous but the Chipewyans found them to be inedible (Johnson et al., 1995).
Similar species:
Smilacina stellata/Maianthemum…
2n=36 (Moss, 1983). Also known as Maianthemum trifolium (E-Flora BC). The berries are not poisonous but the Chipewyans found them to be inedible (Johnson et al., 1995).
Similar species:
Smilacina stellata/Maianthemum stellatum: star-flowered solomon’s-seal; has 6-12 leaves and grows in wetlands instead of upland habitats (Johnson et al., 1995).
Maianthemum canadense: wild lily of the valley; has 4-parted flowers and does not grow in bogs or fens (Johnson et al., 1995).
Range/Distribution
Alberta: Central and northern part of the province (Canadensys). CAN (BC, SK, MB, ON, QC, NL, NS, NB, PE, YT, NT, NU); USA (MT, MN, WI, MI, OH, PA, NJ, NY, VT, MA, CT, RI, ME, NH) (USDA).
Citation
Page Citation for Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
Page Citation
"Species Details - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf., University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium." University of Alberta Museums Search Site, https://search.museums.ualberta.ca/g/1-3876/12-4784. Accessed 02 Jul. 2024.
Specimen Information
There are 111 specimens of this Species.
104606 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Northwest Territories, Horn Plateau
Date Collected1970-07-04
107778 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Elk Island National Park
Date Collected1988-07-27
55987 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Mercoal
Date Collected1955-08-13
109834 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Manitoba, Riding Mountain National Park
Date Collected1979-07-30
110941 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Mitsue Lake
Date Collected1985-05
109481 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Edson
Date Collected1982-09-25
56216 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Rowan Lake
Date Collected1975-07-30
111484 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Wandering River
Date Collected1968-06-20
115040 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Caribou Mountains
Date Collected1976-08-19
115147 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Valleyview
Date Collected1988-07-05
114687 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Ilka's Fen
Date Collected2005-08-25
114697 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Ilka's Fen
Date Collected2005-08-25
115900 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Redwater Natural Area
Date Collected2006-06-21
114735 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Ilka's Fen
Date Collected2005-08-26
114736 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Ilka's Fen
Date Collected2005-08-26
114668 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Ilka's Fen
Date Collected2005-08-26
119894 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Hinton
Date Collected1965-06-13
124656 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Nordegg
Date Collected1952-06-09
124657 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Nordegg
Date Collected1952-06-09
124658 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Brazeau Canyon Wildland Provincial Park, Muskiki Lake
Date Collected1979-07-26
124659 - Smilacina trifolia (L.) Desf.
University of Alberta Vascular Plant Herbarium
Common Namethree-leaved solomon’s-seal; three-leaved false solomon’s-seal
Place CollectedNorth America: Canada, Alberta, Redwater Natural Area
Date Collected1980-06-05